How to Roast a Turkey (2024)

How to Roast a Turkey (1)

Roasting a turkey in the oven is a classic technique for a first-time cook or a seasoned pro:

Turkey roasting cook-time varies by weight, so check out our handy turkey cooking calculator to help you plan. Don’t forget the foil tent when you’re ⅔ of the way through cooking to prevent dryness!

How to Roast Fresh or Frozen Whole Turkeys

Roasting a whole turkey is easier than you think. Just follow these simple instructions for a fresh or thawed turkey:

  1. Preheat oven to 325° F. Drain juices and pat dry with clean paper towels.
  2. Place turkey breast-side-up on a flat rack in a shallow roasting pan 2 to 2½ inches deep.
  3. Turn the wings back to hold the neck skin in place. (Tucking the wings will help stabilize the turkey in the pan and when carving) Brush or spray skin lightly with vegetable or cooking oil for best appearance.
  4. Insert an oven-safe meat thermometer deep into the lower part of the thigh without touching the bone. If the turkey is stuffed, and the thigh is up to temperature, move the thermometer to the center of the stuffing.
  5. Place your turkey in the oven.
  6. When the turkey is about ⅔ done, loosely cover the breast with a piece of foil to prevent overcooking.
  7. Your turkey is done when the temperature with a meat thermometer is 180° F in thigh and 170° F in breast or stuffing.
  8. Lift turkey onto platter, and let stand for 15 minutes before carving.

Cooking Times

Regular Oven 325°

WeightCook Time (Unstuffed)Cook Time (Stuffed)

6-7 lbs.

2-2½ hrs.

2¼-2¾ hrs.

7-10 lbs.

2½-3 hrs.

2¾-3½ hrs.

10-18 lbs.

3-3½ hrs.

3¾-4½ hrs.

18-22 lbs.

3½-4 hrs.

4½-5 hrs.

22-24 lbs.

4-4½ hrs.

5-5½ hrs.

24-30 lbs.

4½-5 hrs.

5½-6¼ hrs.

Convection Oven 325°

WeightCook Time (Unstuffed)Cook Time (Stuffed)

6-10 lbs.

1½ -2 hrs.

1¾-2½ hrs.

10-18 lbs.

2-2½ hrs.

2½-3¼ hrs.

18-22 lbs.

2½-3 hrs.

3¼-3¾ hrs.

22-24 lbs.

3-3½ hrs.

3¾-4¼ hrs.

How to Roast Fully Cooked Whole Turkeys

Fully cooked turkeys are an easy way to get a great tasting turkey on the table in less time. Follow these special directions for a delicious meal:

  1. Preheat oven to 350° F. Remove wrapper.
  2. Place thawed turkey, breast side up, on flat rack in shallow roasting pan 2 to 2½ inches deep. DO NOT stuff.
  3. Brush or spray skin lightly with vegetable or cooking oil for best appearance.
  4. Insert oven-safe meat thermometer deep into the thigh without touching the bone.
  5. Begin checking the turkey for doneness about 30 minutes before the recommended cook time.
  6. Your turkey is done when the meat thermometer reaches 140°F in thigh.
  7. Carve and serve immediately.

See Also
AskUSDA

Cooking Times

Regular Oven 350°

WeightCook Time Baked (Thawed)Cook Time Smoked (Thawed)

8-10 lbs.

¾-1½ hrs.

¾-1½ hrs.

10-14 lbs.

1-1½ hrs.

1-1½ hrs.

14-18 lbs.

1½-2 hrs.

1½-2 hrs.

How to Roast Whole Turkey Breasts

Turkey breasts cook up tender and delicious, and are easy to roast when you follow these instructions:

  1. Preheat oven to 325° F.
  2. Remove whole breast from bag. Drain juices and pat dry with clean paper towels.
  3. Place breast, skin side up, on a flat roasting rack in a 2-inch deep roasting pan. Do not add water to pan.If you don’t have a roasting rack, crunch aluminum foil into a coil or use vegetables like carrots to keep your turkey off the bottom of the pan.
  4. Brush or spray skin lightly with vegetable or cooking oil for best appearance.
  5. Roast uncovered according to Cooking Schedule or until meat thermometer in thickest part of breast reaches 170° F. If breast is stuffed, center of stuffing should be 165° F.
  6. Roasting time will vary if turkey is covered or placed in an oven-cooking bag.
  7. Before you remove the stuffing and carve, let your turkey breast stand for 15 minutes to allow the juices to set.

You can roast a frozen turkey breast too. Just follow these steps:

  1. Roast skin side down, uncovered, on a flat rack in a 2-inch deep open roasting pan at 325° F for the first hour.
  2. Remove from oven and carefully remove gravy packet and refrigerate packet for future use.
  3. Turn breast skin side up, and brush or spray skin lightly with vegetable or cooking oil for best appearance. Return to oven.
  4. Roast uncovered according to Cooking Schedule or until meat thermometer in thickest part of breast reaches 170° F. If breast is stuffed, center of stuffing should be 165° F.
  5. Let breast stand for 10 minutes before carving.

Cooking Times

Regular Oven 325°

Weight

Cook Time (Unstuffed)

Cook Time (Stuffed)

3-5½ lbs.

1½-2¼ hrs.

2-2¾ hrs.

5½-9 lbs.

2¼-2¾ hrs.

2¾-3¼ hrs.

Convection Oven 325°

Weight

Cook Time (Unstuffed)

Cook Time (Stuffed)

3-5½ lbs.

1½ -2 hrs.

1¾-2½ hrs.

5½-9 lbs.

2-2½ hrs.

2½-3¼ hrs.

18-22 lbs.

2½-3 hrs.

3¼-3¾ hrs.

22-24 lbs.

3-3½ hrs.

3¾-4¼ hrs.

From Frozen (Regular Oven 325°)

Weight

Cook Time (Unstuffed)

3-5½ lbs.

3-3¾ hrs.

5½-9 lbs.

3¾ -4½ hrs.

How to Roast Boneless Turkey Roasts

For smaller groups, try a boneless roast. It’s easier than ever:

  1. Preheat oven to 325° F.
  2. Remove outer plastic netting and packaging. Leave inner string netting on the roast.
  3. Drain juices and pat dry with clean paper towels. Refrigerate gravy packet.
  4. For easier net removal before serving, lift string netting and shift position on roast.
  5. Place roast, skin side up, on a flat roasting rack in 2-inch deep roasting pan. Do not add water to pan.
  6. Roast uncovered according to Cooking Schedule or until meat thermometer in center of breast roast reaches 170° F and in center of turkey roast reaches 175° F.
  7. Roasting time will vary if turkey is covered or placed in an oven-cooking bag.
  8. For easier net removal after roasting, wrap roast in foil and let stand 10 minutes. Remove netting and slice roast.

Roasting Tips

Roast From Frozen

Since you can’t adjust the string netting when roasting from frozen, be sure to wrap the roast in foil after it comes out of the oven.

  1. Preheat oven to 325° F.
  2. Remove gravy packet with spatula and refrigerate.
  3. Place roast, skin side up, on a flat roasting rack in a 2-inch deep roasting pan. Do not add water to pan.
  4. Roast uncovered according to Cooking Schedule or until meat thermometer in center of breast roast reaches 170° F and in center of turkey roast reaches 175° F.
  5. For easier net removal after roasting, wrap roast in foil and let stand 10 minutes. Remove netting and slice roast.

Suggested Recipes

Orange Chili Marinated Roast Turkey Prep Time < 15 minutes Cook Time 3+ hours Calories Per Serving 180
Herb and Citrus Butter Roasted Whole Turkey Prep Time < 30 minutes Cook Time 3+ hours Calories Per Serving 520
Java Coffee-Rubbed Roast Turkey Prep Time < 15 minutes Cook Time 3+ hours Calories Per Serving 220
How to Roast a Turkey (2024)

FAQs

Is it better to cook a turkey at 325 or 350? ›

We recommend roasting turkey at 350 degrees F (175 degrees C) for 13 minutes per pound for an unstuffed turkey. We've done the math for you — check out the chart below to determine both turkey cook times and estimated servings (with leftovers!).

Do you put water in the bottom of the roasting pan for turkey? ›

"Often, consumers will inquire about adding water to the bottom of their roasting pans. We do not recommend adding water to the bottom of the pan. Cooking a turkey with steam is a moist heat-cook method and is acceptable, sure, but is not the preferred method for cooking your turkey."

Should a turkey be covered or uncovered when roasting? ›

To achieve a perfectly golden, juicy turkey, let the bird spend time both covered and uncovered in the oven. We recommend covering your bird for most of the cooking time to prevent it from drying out; then, during the last 30 minutes or so of cooking, remove the cover so the skin crisps in the hot oven.

Should I rub butter or oil on my turkey? ›

Because turkey breast is especially lean, I like to rub softened fat beneath the skin just before roasting. It melts and gives the meat extra flavor, richness, and moisture. Duck fat is wonderful for this, and it fortifies the poultry flavors, but unsalted butter works well, too.

How long does it take to cook a 5 lb turkey at 325? ›

Regular Oven 325°
WeightCook Time (Unstuffed)Cook Time (Stuffed)
3-5½ lbs.1½-2¼ hrs.2-2¾ hrs.
5½-9 lbs.2¼-2¾ hrs.2¾-3¼ hrs.

How long does a 15 pound turkey take at 350? ›

The simplest way to roast a whole turkey: The most straightforward approach is to roast an unstuffed turkey, breast-side up, for 13 minutes per pound of turkey at 350°.

Should I put a stick of butter in my turkey? ›

Impart rich flavor and add moisture to your Thanksgiving turkey by adding a layer of butter under the skin before roasting. Learn how to do this simple (but genius) technique for a delicious Thanksgiving turkey. I'm Kelly Senyei with http://www.epicurious.com, and this is how to put butter under turkey skin.

Do I tent the turkey with foil? ›

Simply tent the foil so that it loosely covers the whole turkey. Some recipes suggest only covering the breast as this is the part prone to dryness, but it can't hurt to make sure the rest of the turkey is tented with foil, too.

Do I need a roasting rack for turkey? ›

Regardless of whether you use a roasting pan or baking sheet, for best air-circulation, a roasting rack is key. Many sheet pans are sold as a set with cooling racks that fit snugly in the pan. These racks are fine, but the ones made for roasting pans are even better.

Do I need to wash my turkey? ›

Wash your hands, but not the turkey! Many consumers think that washing their turkey will remove bacteria and make it safer. However, it's virtually impossible to wash bacteria off the bird. Instead, juices that splash during washing can transfer bacteria onto the surfaces of your kitchen, other foods and utensils.

Should you roast a turkey face up or down? ›

The United States Department of Agriculture advises to cook a whole turkey breast side up during the entire cooking time. Turning over a large, hot bird can be dangerous and it's very easy to tear the skin, making the finished product less attractive.

What should you season your turkey with? ›

Ingredients for Turkey Dry Brine Seasoning Mix

For the most traditional flavored turkey, we recommend the following for a 14- to 16-pound turkey: 3 tablespoons kosher salt (we use Diamond Crystal brand) 1 1/2 combined teaspoons dried herbs: thyme, sage, and rosemary. 3/4 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper.

How many people will a 15 pound turkey feed? ›

You'll want to plan on about 1.25 pounds of turkey per person. That means if you're expecting 12 guests, plan for a 15-pound bird. To make things simple, we've created a guide to help you pick the perfect-sized turkey for your Thanksgiving dinner menu.

Should I prep my turkey the night before? ›

It's easy: Simply cook it a day or two in advance, let it cool completely, then carve the bird into large pieces—breasts, wings, thighs and drumsticks. Store in a container in the refrigerator until the big day. This method actually result in juicier meat—and an infinitely more relaxed host.

What is the best temperature to cook a turkey to keep it moist? ›

Oven-Roasted Turkey

We recommend starting the turkey in a 425 degree oven for 30-45 minutes before tenting the pan with foil and lowering the temperature to 350 degrees until a meat thermometer reads 165 degrees when inserted into the thickest part of the bird.

Do you cook a butterball turkey at 325 or 350? ›

Preheat oven to 325°F. Line a rimmed baking sheet with foil. Place roasting rack or foil ring on pan, and place turkey on top. In a small bowl, combine butter, garlic, salt, thyme, and parsley.

Is it better to cook a turkey at a low temperature or a high temperature? ›

Oven Temps: Best roasting is two stage process—425°F (218°C) for 1 hour, then down to 325°F (163°C) for however long it takes until the turkey is done.

Is it better to cook a roast at 325 or 350? ›

When roasting meat and poultry, set the oven temperature to 325°F (163°C) or higher. Explore the charts below to learn how to get great results every time you cook.

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